make sb. do 的用法详解
在英语中,“make sb. do sth.” 是一个常见的使役结构,表示“使某人做某事”。它属于使役动词(causative verb)的一种典型用法。
一、基本结构
make + 宾语(sb.)+ 动词原形(do)
- ✅ 正确:She made me clean the room.
- ❌ 错误:She made me to clean the room.
- ❌ 错误:She made me cleaned the room.
二、用法说明
- 表示强制或促使:主语通过某种方式让宾语执行动作,常带有“强迫、迫使、导致”的含义。
例:The teacher made the students rewrite their essays.
- 被动语态变化:当变为被动语态时,动词不定式需加
to。
主动:They made him work overtime.
被动:He was made to work overtime.
- 不用于进行时:“make” 在此结构中一般不用进行时态。
三、常见例句
- The noise made it impossible to sleep.
- His joke made everyone laugh.
- Don’t let your fears make you give up.
四、与其他使役动词对比
类似结构还有 let sb. do 和 have sb. do,但语气和用法略有不同:
let:允许(较随意)— Let me go.
have:安排/命令(较正式)— I’ll have him call you.
make:强迫/导致(较强势)— She made me apologize.
五、注意事项
不要与感官动词(如 see, hear, watch)混淆,它们也接动词原形,但含义不同:
• I saw her leave.(我看见她离开了。)